ABSTRACT- A proven power system based on a modernized power distribution system with the integration of cutting-edge data-information and communication technologies (ICT) was presented by smart grids (SG). SGs provide better power quality.
transmission/distribution with optimal power flow and efficiency from power generation to end customers. Apart from the aforementioned contemporary automation, SGs’ traditional characteristics include two-way communications, sophisticated monitoring, and control to maximize power quality concerns. This protects all of its associated power system components from possible dangers and prolongs their lifespan. SGs enhanced utility companies’ operational capacities by incorporating ICT into the power system. Better asset management and energy management for end users are the outcomes of ICT with SG.
INTRODUCTION- Current energy research is mainly concerned with holistic solutions for delivering continuous and effective energy-based systems as well as answers for the future’s rapid development in energy consumption at various utilization levels. Intelligent processesare introduced into the electrical industry by the developments in future power systems.
power system to increase the dependability and quality of electricity. Cleaner power sources called renewable energy resources (RES) can be seen as a good way to fulfill demand for electricity while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, because of its intermittent nature, RES has problems. Effective energy storage systems with RES can be used to mitigate the related power fluctuations. It is not easier or more comfortable to integrate various RES entities, operate the traditional grid, and handle control chores. This is due to the fact that the power system consists of market, transmission, distribution, and generating plants.
operators as well as operators of utility systems. Coordination of the smart grid (SG) requires effective data exchange across the power system entities. Information linkages that span several systems—such as utility companies, consumers, and communication protocols—are used to transfer data from source nodes to sink (destination) nodes. In order to provide the best possible communication between these nodes, a set of interoperability guidelines is necessary. For the grid to operate as intended, well-established and dependable automation is necessary for efficient monitoring and control through the use of information and communication technologies (ICT).
The legacy grid is changed into SG as a result of ICT advancements. It is primarily structured on the integration of diverse entities into the grid network. Based on SG’s proactive load scheduling, power generation, transmission, and distribution are intelligently and appropriately handled. The availability of real-time data is by far the biggest benefit for utilities using SG. This is due to the fact that timely data delivery increases utilities’ intelligence in terms of monitoring and management . Large volumes of data are sent to utility servers, which may be evaluated using effective and clever data analytics. To At the system level, wise choices must be made to lower power costs, maintenance expenses, and outage costs while also extending the life of power system assets. To reduce power disorders, isolate faults, and quickly restore power outages, data decisions are integrated with cutting-edge control and data transmission technology. Table 1 presents the various SG advanced technologies together with implementation information. The four key issues that SG needs to deal with are as follows: SG needs to react fast to variations in power demand that are influenced by customer load utilization.
That ought to in order to adapt to the changing economic landscape, take into account energy-efficient solutions. It is also important to consider how SGs are affected by electric cars. With all of the potential for RES, SG should support hybrid generating alternatives and protect the ecology from carbon emissions.
SG have to take into account novel technologies and approaches to tackle the issues brought about by supply and demand’s unpredictability and improbability. RES’s erratic performance and shifting consumer preferences are the main causes of this circumstance.
CONCLUSION- The conventional grids are being transformed into SG with sophisticated automation using contemporary technologies like ICT, which has promise for meeting future energy demands. The SG’s effective energy management with the adoption of DER is the most crucial consideration. The demand response is rationally managed, and Peak loads may be moved or put off till later. This approach to power management would not only improve system stability but also reduce carbon emissions and save the environment.
Establishing AMI technology is the most crucial piece of infrastructure for SG as it will enable bidirectional communication between utilities and end users to learn about electricity usage. Active end-user engagement is required for the dynamic rates that were imposed. For communication, AMI uses technologies including WAN, NAN, and HAN. The functions of various communication technologies vary depending on the kinds of applications that operate at different data speeds.
